The log file never came through, but I know what could have happened in this case. Just a little background. The backup is a lengthy and resource intensive process. In order to prevent a timeout or memory outage error on large backups, we have to chunk the process in multiple steps, each one happening inside one page load. Page loads are invisible, they happen via AJAX calls. Since PHP is stateless (it doesn't "remember" the application state between subsequent page loads) we need to somehow be able to save and restore the backup engine state between steps. We do that by serialising and unserialising the engine's factory, pretty much what your PC does when you hibernate it.
When you have not checked the "Use database storage for temporary data" (default) the state data is written to a file inside the output directory and read from it on the next page load. Several things can go wrong. If you run out of disk space, this operation fails. The permissions of the generated file may be askew (stupid hosts, don't ask!) which mean that Akeeba Backup can't read from the file. Other times I've seen servers which take their sweet time to release the file when we close it after writing to it. This causes the read to fail, as the file is still marked as being opened read-only. Usually we don't have any of those issues and that's why we use it as the default option.
When you have checked the "Use database storage for temporary data" we are storing this data inside the database. This is usually a very stable method. There is only one catch: some servers throw a nasty "MySQL server has gone away" and die when we try to save the data. Why? Because they are stupidly set up, that's why. These hosts are set up to close the MySQL database connection after 0.5 to 2 seconds of inactivity. Given that a file backup step may last up to 60 seconds, the MySQL connection is closed in the meantime and, worse, the server won't let us reconnect, throwing this error instead. This is more likely to happen than the file read/write issues, hence this option is not enabled by default.
Regarding your other question, the .j01 file is probably a leftover from the previous backup. Try removing both files and taking a new backup. If you see again two files, .jpa and .j01, you have a split backup archive. This is normal, especially if your host is very restrictive with respect to the maximum size of a file which can be generated by PHP code. Our Configuration Wizard automatically detects such restrictions and tries to work around them by setting up split archives, i.e. a single archive split to multiple files, each one smaller than the maximum file size allowed by the host to be created.
Phew! That was a long post. I hope it clarifies some of the stuff that's going on the background.
Nicholas K. Dionysopoulos
Lead Developer and Director
🇬🇷Greek: native 🇬🇧English: excellent 🇫🇷French: basic • 🕐 My time zone is Europe / Athens
Please keep in mind my timezone and cultural differences when reading my replies. Thank you!