Moving the file outside of the site's root offers zero protection. If I were a hacker, I would follow either of these routes to exploit your site:
1. Using an RFI attack vector I would simply dump JConfig's properties from within Joomla!. Game over.
2. Using a rogue upload attack vector I'd append a bit of malicious code in your index.php which dumps JConfig to a file and/or send it to me by email. Game over.
3. Using a blind SQLi attack I'd create myself a Super Administrator user and use it to log in to your site's back-end. Then I'd have full access to your configuration and I'd be able to block you out as well. Double dose of game over.
Half-baked security measure can not really stand between a resourceful hacker and your site. It's like using a clay wall to stop an assaulting tank. It will stall the attack for a few minutes, but that's all there is to it.
So, no, I don't consider moving configuration.php a good idea. It's an unnecessary thing to do which makes your life miserable whenever you update Joomla! or try to use software like Akeeba Backup's CRON script.
Nicholas K. Dionysopoulos
Lead Developer and Director
🇬🇷Greek: native 🇬🇧English: excellent 🇫🇷French: basic • 🕐 My time zone is Europe / Athens
Please keep in mind my timezone and cultural differences when reading my replies. Thank you!