OK ... I was now able to track this down to what I believe is the actually 'issue' triggering the problem.
We are receiving 404 shields from the blocked IP address.
The Target URL in the 404 entries on the Blocked Request Log in Akeeba indicate that the user's 'location' (i.e. IP address) tried to access the URL of a certain mp3 file multiple times within a short time period (within 1 minute). The url is ... <domain>/wp-content/.... etc. - which is obviously referencing links to the old WordPress version of the web site.
Although the user insists that they didn't attempt to access that file (esp. multiple times in 1-2 minutes), I realized that these mp3 files were associated with our podcast on Apple Podcasts. And it is likely their podcast player trying to connect and download that old podcast episode with the wrong (old WordPress) URL.
Although it would make sense to just go into the podcast an make changes to the URLs there. This apple podcast account has been inaccessible for several months (i.e. we can't log-in to change details because the person that had access died a couple months ago and we have no way to recover the Apple account login). [We have a new podcast feed on a different provider now]
I've been able to address this specific issue by adding some htaccess redirect/rewrite rules.
So the triggering action specific to this (the mp3 files) won't happen again.
However, we are still getting lots of 404 errors with people trying to access other /wp-conent/ URLs, and getting flagged in as a 404 Shield error.
I have 2 questions related to Akeeba Admin Tools:
1. Why is someone hitting the site with bad URLs (generating 404 errors) getting flagged with a 403 error? and seeing the Custom message from Akeeba Admin Tools (from the Customsation tab) after they try to access that same non-working URL?
Do we have something set-up wrong in Akeeba Admin Tools? We have it set-up just like all our other sites and never have this sort of problem on theirs, although none of the other sites we manage were previously a WordPress site with lots of old WP links that are now dead.
2. If I create a redirect within Joomla's core redirect component, would that prevent them being flagged as a 404 error? Does the core redirect get triggered before or after Akeeba Admin Tools?
Thanks for any further clarification you can provide so that we can resolve this issue and stop getting users blocked with 403 errors.